What problems do mapmakers face when making maps?

The map makers face the following problems when they are doing maps:

1. problems with the cartographic projection

2. representation of 3D objects in 2D.

3. capacity to represent on a map the geographic aspects.

4. ability to synthesize information

5. the use of appropriate conventional signs

the proximity of water was an advantage to western europe and its culture was able to flourish as a result. trade and travel by sea were easier and safer in historical times.

1. there are no mountains to protect it from the sea

2. and its has wet cool summers and wet, mild winters.