How can wars led to changes in political maps?

Wars can change the dividing of territories with the gain and loss of territories.

Explanation:

War has often led to changes to the political map.  For example, France lost the two easternmost provinces Alsace and Lorraine to the Prussians, which made France smaller.  During the Russo Japanese War of 1905, the defeated Russians handed total control of Manchuria and half of the Sakhalin island to the Japanese.  For the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleon defeated five coalitions.  His empire grew into Spain, Italy, Balkans, Russia, Confederation of the Rhine, and Netherlands.

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