complete questions:
Determining the relative ages of rock formations
. Relative dating is an Earth science term that describes the set of principles and techniques used to sequence geologic events and determine the relative age of rock formations. Below are graphics that illustrate some of these basic principles used by geologists. You will find that these concepts are easy to understand.
i Original Horizontality
ii Lateral continuity
iii Superposition
iv Inclusion
v Unconformities
vi Cross cutting relationship
Match each principle to its explanation. Write the letter of the explanation in the space provided under each graphic.
a. In undisturbed rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest layer is at the top.
b. In some rock formations, layers or parts of layers may be missing. This is often due to erosion. Erosion by water or wind removes sediment from exposed surfaces. Erosion often leaves a new flat surface with some of the original material missing.
c. Sediments are originally deposited in horizontal layers.
d. Any feature that cuts across rock layers is younger than the layers.
e. Sedimentary layers or lava flows extend sideways in all directions until they thin out or
reach a barrier.
f. Any part of a previous rock layer, like a piece of stone, is older than the layer containing
it.
a. In undisturbed rock layers, the oldest layer is at the bottom and the youngest layer is at the top.
Superposition
b. In some rock formations, layers or parts of layers may be missing. This is often due to erosion. Erosion by water or wind removes sediment from exposed surfaces. Erosion often leaves a new flat surface with some of the original material missing.
Unconformities
c. Sediments are originally deposited in horizontal layers.
Original Horizontality
d. Any feature that cuts across rock layers is younger than the layers.
Cross cutting relationship
e. Sedimentary layers or lava flows extend sideways in all directions until they thin out or reach a barrier.
Lateral continuity
f. Any part of a previous rock layer, like a piece of stone, is older than the layer containing it.
Inclusion
Explanation:
principle of superposition states that in an undisturbed sequence of sedimentary rock layer the oldest rock is deposited at the bottom while the youngest is at the top. The layer of rock young upward.
Unconformity is a break in rock sequence. it an erosional surface separating two different layer of rocks with verse difference in age. it is regarded as a period of non deposition.
The principle of original horizontality states that rock layers are deposited horizontally by the action of gravity.
The principle of cross cutting relationship states that a geologic feature that cut across a rock layer is younger among the two layer.
The principle of lateral continuity states that sedimentary layer initially extend laterally in all direction until they reach a barrier like valley or terminate abruptly.
The principle of Inclusion states that if inclusion are found in a formation the inclusion is older than the formation it contains.
