1.
What activities are typically undertaken during the pretrial period (i. e. before the start of a criminal trial)?

Pretrial activities include the first appearance, which involves appointment of counsel for indigent defendants and consideration of pretrial release; the preliminary hearing to determine whether there is probable cause to hold the defendant; the filing of an information by the prosecutor or return of an indictment by the grand jury; and arraignment, at which the defendant may enter a plea.

Explanation:

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