Russia - Diversity and Devolution
U
A concern of the Russian Federation
in the 21st century is continued
with more countries desiring
to break away.

The answer is 1-plate movement along fault lines

This would be an open primary. a closed primary people can vote only prior to election day if the party if they are registered. independent voters can not participate. there is not a wide-open primary, but there is a semi-open primary.