The urban heat island steepens the environmental lapse rate, creating unstable conditions by:.1. greatly heating the ground surface with less heating farther up in the atmosphere 2. greatly heating the ground surface and greatly heating the atmosphere farther up 3. greatly cooling the ground surface and greatly cooling the atmosphere farther up 4. greatly cooling the ground surface with great heating farther up in the atmosphere

2. greatly heating the ground surface and greatly heating the atmosphere farther up.

Explanation: Summertime temperatures in cities increase heat in the ground will be heated greatly and in extension, the atmosphere is farther heated up.

Heat islands can increase the impact of heat waves in the atmosphere. Extreme heat events and dramatic temperature rise are very dangerous and can result in increased rates of mortality.

answerformal;