Heat from an electric light bulb can be transferred in three ways. (9 points)

A. How is heat transferred through the process of convection? (3 points)

B. How is heat transferred through the process of radiation? (3 points)

C. How is heat transferred through the process of conduction? (3 points)

A: Thermal energy is transferred from hot places to cold places by convection. Convection occurs when warmer areas of a liquid or gas rise to cooler areas in the liquid or gas. Cooler liquid or gas then takes the place of the warmer areas which have risen higher. This results in a continuous circulation pattern. Inside the light bulb the heat sinks; cools, and rises; warms up.

B: Radiation is a method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between the heat source and the heated object as is the case with conduction and convection. Heat can be transmitted through empty space by thermal radiation often called infrared radiation. Radiation is the heat released from the filament of a light bulb.

C: Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are in direct contact with each other. The better the conductor, the more rapidly heat will be transferred. Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer some of their energy to them. This then continues and passes the energy from the hot end down to the colder end of the substance. The wire connected to the light bulb is hotter when near the light bulb than further away.