1) explain the difference between "relative time" and "numerical time." which time scale is more
accurate and why?

Numerical time is absolute while relative is compared.

Explanation:

Numerical time is essentially the age of an object. Numerical time is also called absolute time because the age is given as a number that expresses (usually) how many years old it is.

Relative time, rather than give an age, places a rock or rock layer in a category based on how it fits into Earth's evolutionary history as a planet and the fossil record.

the first phase of the government’s plan for settlement was building the transcontinental railroad. the railroad provided a way to bring settlers and manufactured goods west and ship their agricultural and mining produce east. the transcontinental railroad was an essential artery for rapid development of the frontier.

the second phase of the government’s plan was a liberal land distribution policy that made it possible for many people to homestead. with these two key elements—transportation and cheap land—the government rapidly achieved its goal of persuading people to move west, settle on farms, and push back the frontier.