#1

a. calculate the amount by which the seismic energy released by an earthquake increases when the surface-wave magnitude (ms) increases by one unit. b. repeat the calculation for an increase of one unit in the body-wave magnitude. c. what are some observations from parts a and b?

the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 32

the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 28

difference between above both energy is higher in Gutenberg equation as compare to Marcus Bath equation for 1 unit earthquake magnitude increase

Explanation:

given data

surface wave magnitude (Ms) = increases by one unit

and if increase of one unit in the body-wave magnitude

to find out

Calculate the amount by which the seismic energy release

solution

we know that Gutenberg Richter law that

Log E = 4.8 + 1.5 Ms     .......................1

here E is energy of Earthquake and Ms is Surface wave magnitude

we will put here Ms 5 and then 6

and energy release will is 1.99 × J and then 6.3 × J

and the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 31.65 i.e. = 32

and

now we use Marcus Bath equation that is

Log E = 5.24 + 1.44 Mb

here Mb is Body wave magnitude and E is earthquake energy

so now we take value of Ms is 5 and then 6

and energy release will be here 2.75 × J and then 7.58 × J

so the energy ratio by magnitude 6 to 5 is approx 27.56 i.e. = 28

and

difference between above both energy is higher in Gutenberg equation as compare to Marcus Bath equation for 1 unit earthquake magnitude increase

question

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the north american free trade agreement