The molten rock that is found in the upper mantle is

Olivines an Pyroxene, and 5 to 10% of calcium oxides and aluminium oxides.

Explanation:

The upper mantle of the earth begins just 10 kilometers below the surface of the lithosphere and under the ocean about 35 km and ends to the lower mantel at 670 km. Here the temperature range from 200 to 900 degrees celsius, at the boundary is composed of 55% of olivines and 35% of pyroxenes, minerals such as garnet and spinal are also found. Lehmann discontinuity is which is an abrupt change caused by the p and s waves occurs at the depth of 220 km. In the upper mantel and lower crust, there exists a discontinuity called the Gutenberg discontinuity. Mantel forms the rigid liquid sphere on which the slabs move.

Tropical climate is experienced in the nothern countries of south america