What main process do all volcanoes have in common, regardless of the specific ways they form?
rising magma
plate subduction
hotspots
plate divergence

rising magma

Explanation:

The volcanoes are part of the geologic processes that occur on Earth. They can be formed in multiple different ways, and in multiple different places. The volcanoes can be found along all types of plate boundaries, but they are most common at the subduction zones. Also, some of the volcanoes form far away from the plate boundaries, in the middle of the plates, and those volcanoes are a result of hot spots. One thing that all volcanoes have in common is the rising magma. The magma comes from the mantle layer, and it is pushed toward the surface because of the high pressure, as well as because it is very hot and manages to melt the rocks above it. The magma can differ though, and that is what gives the volcanoes their characteristics and the type of explosions that they will produce.