Sequence the civilizations or empires from oldest to newest
babylonian empire
sumer
persian empire
akkadian empire

1. Sumer

2. Akkadian empire

3. Babylonian

4. Persian empire

Explanation:

The Middle East was a region in which some of the earliest and greatest civilizations and empires have emerged. The pioneer was Sumer, which is considered the oldest civilization in the world, and the one that set up the basis for the future civilizations in the region. After Sumer started declining, it was the Akkadian empire that gradually rose on top of it, which was followed by the Babylonian empire, thus creating a continuity of civilizations on the same place. The Persian empire was the latest of these four empires to emerge, and the only one that didn't formed in the Tigris-Euphrates river valley.