What term describes the government positions that officials who passed the civil service exam became a part of?

Iheard he was so amazing they named a whole city after him somewhere in california, absolute hero, they named a country in europe after him it’s called france, they just decided to change the o to an e because yknow, bants ennit

Ibelieve it was because of the gas act in order to preserve fuel 

After the dam broke, glacial lake missoula took blank to drain.
a) 200 years