Read the following passage. in the beginnings of the last chapter, i informed you exactly when i was born; but i did not inform you how. no; that particular was reserved entirely for a chapter by itself; besides, sir, as you and i are in a manner perfect strangers to each other, it would not have been proper to have let you into too many circumstances relating to myself all at once.—you must have a little patience. i have undertaken, you see, to write not only my life, but my opinions also; hoping and expecting that your knowledge of my character, and of what kind of a mortal i am, by the one, would give you a better relish for the other: as you proceed further with me, the slight acquaintance which is now beginning betwixt us, will grow into familiarity; and that, unless one of us is in fault, will terminate in friendship. (from tristram shandy, volume i, chapter 6, by laurence sterne) the tone of this passage is

The tone of this passage is formal.

Explanation:

Also called professional or academic tone, formal tone communicates credibility, but keeps a certain distance from the reader. Therefore, only refined grammar and spelling are used.

This excerpt values the technical writing and fancy words, but, of course, that manages to pass a message in a clear way. So we can classify it as a formal tone excerpt.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

- "there are several movements that doris lessing was associated with. first of all, communism. she pursued her communist beliefs and included them in her writing, and was also a member of several communist book clubs. she is also strongly associated with feminism, her fight for equality and women's rights.

doris lessing is the kind of writer who has followers, not just readers. they have been engaged to her chiefly because of her involvement in major problems, such as politics and woman-ism."