Abelief that deviates from the common views of society or the church is called a) austere b) enigma c) farrago d) heresy

It would be D, heresy. People who publicly disagreed with or did things to the Church's disliking were commonly persecuted in the early ages. For example, Anne Hutchinson was a woman in colonial America who debated predestination values and claimed that God had spoken to her. The Church declared her a heretic, as they believed God didn't speak to women and disagreed with her thoughts on predestination, or Calvinism. They banished her from her colony.