Excerpt from: preventing backovers in america's driveways national highway transportation safety administration 1 vehicle backover injuries and deaths occur when someone, without a driver’s knowledge or awareness, is positioned behind a vehicle as the driver is backing out of a driveway or other parking spot. most victims of backovers are the elderly and children. 2 to add to the tragedy of backover injuries and deaths, the driver is often a neighbor or relative. when a child is the victim, the driver may even be the child’s mother or father. 3 since most of these heartbreaking incidents occur in private driveways rather than on the road, they are not typically included in traffic-crash fatality data. therefore, experts often don’t agree on the exact number of children injured or killed in backover incidents each year. 4 but even one child who dies from a backover incident is one too many. awareness and understanding of the problem are the first steps toward reducing the risk of backover deaths. based on the passage, you can infer that these accidents are particularly devastating because a) victims are often adults. b) the driver is often a relative. c) there are usually no witnesses. d) they happen on private property.

Read the excerpt from cristina garcia’s dreaming in cuban.i don’t really want to talk about my father but i end up telling minnie how he used to take me horseback riding on our ranch, strapping me in his saddle with a leather seat belt he designed just for me. dad’s family owned casinos in cuba, and had one of the largest ranches on the island. there were beef cattle and dairy cows, horses, pigs, goats, and lambs. dad fed them molasses to fatten them, and gave the chickens corn and sorghum until they laid vermilion eggs, rich with vitamins. he took me on an overnight inspection once. we camped out under a sapodilla tree and listened to the pygmy owls with their old women’s voices. my father knew i understood more than i could say. he told me stories about cuba after columbus came. he said that the spaniards wiped out more indians with smallpox than with muskets.how does the structure of the excerpt add meaning to the passage? it includes historical information about the spaniards and indians to indicate the work is nonfiction.it describes the setting of the ranch owned by pilar’s cuban grandparents to explain family values.it uses several narrators to share their points of view about past and present life in cuba.it manipulates the chronological order of events to reveal the close relationship between pilar and her father.