Explain how the covenant between the Israelites and God was broken and what actions were taken to rebuild this covenant?

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Explanation:

Moses was instructed to spell out God’s covenant to the Israelites. In Exodus 19:5-8 we read:

Now if you obey Me fully and keep My covenant, then out of all nations you will be My treasured possession. Although the whole earth is Mine, you will be for Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. So Moses went back and summoned the elders of the people and set before them all the words the Lord had commanded him to speak. The people all responded together, “We will do everything the Lord has said.” So Moses brought their answer back to the Lord.

This is confirmed in Deuteronomy 7:12:

If you listen to these commands and obey them faithfully, then the Lord your God will continue to keep his covenant with you and will show you his constant love, as he promised your ancestors.

Israel broke God’s Covenant – So the penalties ‘kicked-in’

Clearly, given the nature of man, the 613 laws and instructions in the Mosaic Covenant were going to be broken, with serious consequences (Deut 28). History shows the dramatic consequences of Israel’s disobedience – much suffering. The prophet Jeremiah conveyed God’s condemnation:

They have … refused to hear My words and they have gone after other gods … the house of Israel and the house of Judah have broken My covenant which I made with their fathers (Jer 11:10)

I will heal their apostasy and faithlessness; I will love them freely, for My anger has turned away from Israel (Hosea 14:4)

I will remember My covenant with you in the days of your youth, and I will establish an everlasting covenant with you … Then you shall know that I am the Lord, that you may remember and be ashamed … when I provide you an atonement for all you have done, says the Lord God. (Ezek 16:60-63)

I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah – not according to the covenant that I made with their fathers … My covenant which they broke. But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord: I will put My law in their minds, and write it on their hearts; and I will be their God, and they shall be My people (Jer 31:31-33)

This is of course the New Covenant given through Christ (Heb 8:7-13) and we note it was first promised to God’s chosen people, Israel!

b. his ability to use formal language to stress strong feelings