Read paragraph 8 of “Conformity” [8] Researchers have also explored the “dark side” of conformity. The need to be accepted and the fear of punishment for deviating from group norms can, in many cases, impel people to adopt negative attitudes or behaviors. A phenomenon called the “spiral of silence” can occur when one opinion becomes entirely socially dominant because those with other opinions are afraid to speak out. Human history is rife with examples of the destructive power of mass conformity.

Part A: What does the phrase "spiral of silence" mean as it is used in paragraph 8?

Group of answer choices

a result of conformity in which no one speaks because the group norm is to avoid confrontation

a result of internalization in which people believe that they agree with the dominant opinion

a result of conformity in which people who have different opinions are afraid to speak or act on them

a result of having so many opinions available in a situation that society loses the value of silent listening

what: when quoting a source, use the author’s words verbatim, or word-for-word. this means you shouldn’t change any grammar, punctuation, spelling, etc. put quotations around the words to tell your reader where the quote begins and where it ends.

you also need to acknowledge the author. for example, if using mla format for your research paper, you should have in-text citations with the author’s name and page number listed at the end of each quote.

when: use quotations to provide concrete examples to support your claims. using direct quotations is a great way to build your credibility on the subject. it’s also a good idea to quote your source when the author states things in a powerful way. if you think he or she said it best, then use the exact words to share the ideas.

example: in the short story “a jury of her peers”, mrs. hale compares mrs. wright to her caged bird, saying “she—come to think of it, she was kind of like a bird herself. real sweet and pretty, but kind of timid and—fluttery. how—she—did—change” (glaspell).

paraphrasing

what: paraphrasing differs from quoting because you restate the passage in your own words. since you don’t use the author’s words, you don’t need to use quotation marks. however, you still need to acknowledge the author for his or her ideas.

when paraphrasing a text, you should communicate the full meaning of the text; don’t change the meaning. it can be a condensed version of the text, or it could end up being longer than the source it’s paraphrasing.

when: you use paraphrasing when you take notes, or explain a chart or diagram to someone. paraphrasing highlight the important parts of a larger text. it also allows you to simplify the ideas for your readers.

example:

original: “it was no ordinary thing that called her away–it was probably further from ordinary than anything that had ever happened in dickson county. but what her eye took in was that her kitchen was in no shape for leaving: her bread all ready for mixing, half the flour sifted and half unsifted” (glaspell).

paraphrase: as mrs. hales walks around mrs. wright’s home, she notices that the kitchen is in disarray as if she was in the middle of baking bread (glaspell).

b would have to be the answer

the correct answer is b. a comparison without the use of like or as. hope this

the tree invited all its friends to its lumber party. the party was at saruman's tower in isengard because saruman had killed some trees