What were some influences that caused language to change from Old English to Middle English to modern English? How is our language today similar and different than Old or Middle English?

Good clear answers and obviously more knowledgeable than me, but i would like to add that when I taught English as a foreign language I would, once students had achieved a sufficient level, have introduced the idea of two types of English side-by-side, one of a perhaps more ‘educated’ and certainly more Latinate, and another more ‘homely’ which echoes the more Anglo-Saxon tradition, so regal/kingly, maternal/motherly. I have come across translations from other languages that are clearly from one tradition and from the other, and if a choice is to be made I far prefer the Anglo-Saxon, even though it’s not so posh.

And yes, I did encourage students to be Anglo-Saxons.

I could also add that I have a notion that Norman children were brought up very largely by Anglo-Saxon servants, and when they wandered into the kitchens looking for something to eat they would have used the language. By the time the courtier Geoffrey Chaucer was writing I’m sure Normans were cheerfully bilingual and getting to like English.

Explanation:

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

the correct answer is:

from context clues heliotrope is probably a flower.

a heliotrope are peruvian plants that have small purplish plants.