Case Study: Mr. Romley notices a group of students in his fifth-grade class who sit together and do logic puzzles during free-learning time in the classroom. He had been planning to distribute the puzzles as part of a lesson, but the group found them in a cupboard and took to working on them together. Mr. Romley is delighted the group uses and enjoys them. He praises them and starts giving them stickers for completed puzzles. After a while, Mr. Romley notices the group spends less time on puzzles than on counting and comparing stickers, that there are frequent arguments about who has finished first, and that the less-competitive children in the group have drifted off to do something else. According to theories of motivation and self-efficacy, what factors and interactions contributed to the students' behavior–positive and negative, before and after Mr. Romley introduced the stickers?

Read edward corsi's quotation from the book immigrantkids by russell freedman.how does this quotation add credibility to freedman'sstatement that the immigrant voyages were not pleasant? oedward corsi, who later became united statescommissioner of immigration, was a ten-year-old italianimmigrant when he sailed into new york harbor in 1907: oit is from an actual immigrant who experienced roughtreatment by the ship's workers.it is from an actual sailor who herded the immigrants likeanimals on the decks.it is from an actual writer who wrote about a fictionalfamily immigrating to the united states.it is from an actual historian who studied the immigrationexperience at ellis island.the officers of the ship went striding up and downthe decks shouting orders and directions and drivingthe immigrants before them. scowling and gesturing,they pushed and pulled the passengers, herding usinto separate groups as though we were animals. afew moments later we came to our dock, and thelong journey was over.0o