It is much safer to be feared than loved, when, of the two, either must be dispensed with. . . . Among the wonderful deeds of Hannibal this one is enumerated: that having led an enormous army, composed of many various races of men, to fight in foreign lands, no dissensions arose either among them or against the prince, whether in his bad or in his good fortune. This arose from nothing else than his inhuman cruelty, which, with his boundless valour, made him revered and terrible in the sight of his soldiers, but without that cruelty, his other virtues were not sufficient to produce this effect.

–The Prince,
Niccolò Machiavelli

What kind of reasoning does Machiavelli use in this excerpt?

He uses inductive reasoning because he offers statistics to prove his claim.
He uses inductive reasoning because he observes a pattern and proves a conclusion.
He uses deductive reasoning because he relies on scientific experiments to prove a conclusion.
He uses deductive reasoning because he introduces a conclusion and proves it with evidence.