1747 Andraeas Marggraf discovers that beet sugar is identical to cane sugar 1840s Beets become a major crop in Ukraine 1852 Indians begin to arrive in Natal to work in sugar 1861 Czar Alexander II frees Russia’s serfs 1879 Saccharine, a chemical sweetener, invented 1906 Gandhi leads Indians, many of them sugar workers, in Johannesburg in an oath to resist discriminatory laws by peaceful means 1965 Aspartame, an artificial sweetener, invented 1967 High-fructose corn syrup invented 1976 Sucralose (Splenda) invented 21st century Brazil using much of its sugar-cane crop to produce ethanol –Sugar Changed the World, Marc Aronson and Marina Budhos How does the timeline support the text?

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)

the narrator closes the lantern tightly so the old man is

not awakened by the bright light

explanation:

answer: b (host)

viruses use the cells of living organisms to reproduce. the cell which is used by virus is called as "host cell". it is a living cell in which virus multiplies, example bacteria, plant or an animal cell.

in this, the virus is a parasite, which uses host cell for its benefit (reproduction) by using the cell machinary of host cell.