Which is a dependent clause?

a.) during intermission, while we were discussing the performance
b.) dodging frantically, a valet ran through the crowd and into the theater
c.) dashing after him, two police officers plowed through the lobby crowd
d.) discussing the commotion, we decided it was more exciting than the play

Identify the gerund phrase, the subject of the verb can be. a) eating ice cream on a hot summer day can be a messy experience. b) eating ice cream on a hot summer day can be a messy experience. c) eating ice cream on a hot summer day can be a messy experience. eliminate d) eating ice cream on a hot summer day can be a messy experience.