What is it called when a government takes farmland and redistributes the food among its people?

Collectivization

Explanation:

Collectivization has the meaning of organizing an economy, industry or company based on the political or economic theory of group control, especially on production and distribution.  That is, sharing of ownership of goods and means of production, which become the property of the State.

A clear example was given in the USSR in 1930 where the objective was to impose on the peasantry the complete collectivization of their lands in two years. In the first three months the number of peasant properties incorporated into collective farms increased from four million to 14. At the beginning of the 1930s, more than 90% of agricultural land was already collectivized, after converting rural households into communal farms with its orchards, cattle and other goods.