Read excerpts from the nixon-kennedy debate.

kennedy: i'm not satisfied until every american enjoys his full constitutional rights. if a negro baby is born--and this is true also of puerto ricans and mexicans in some of our cities--he has about one-half as much chance to get through high school as a white baby.

nixon: we are for programs that will expand educational opportunities, that will give to all americans their equal chance for education, for all of the things which are necessary and dear to the hearts of our people.

which best compares nixon's and kennedy's positions on educational opportunity?

a: both claim that they would like to expand educational opportunities, but nixon is much more specific about the populations he would like to address with expansion programs.

b: both claim they wish to expand educational opportunity, but kennedy offers more explanation about which populations he would like to specifically target with expansion programs.

c: kennedy wishes to expand educational opportunities for minorities, while nixon argues that doing so will require unnecessary government interference.

d: kennedy wishes to expand the educational needs of minorities, while nixon is much more focused on these individuals achieve financial stability.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)