Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?

a. while riding his bike, ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils.

b. as he rode his bike, ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils.

c. ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils riding his bike.

d. riding his bike, ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils.

C. Ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils riding his bike.

Explanation: a misplaced modifier is a phrase or clause placed incorrectly in a sentence so that it appears to modify an incorrect word, making the sentence confusing and leading to misunderstanding. From the given sentences, the one that contains a misplaced modifier is "Ryan thought of the dinosaur fossils riding his bike" the position of the phrase "riding his bike" makes unclear if it is Ryan or the dinosaur fossils who are riding the bike.

in the quotation from passage, connie willis states that literature is a way for authors from the past to communicate with readers of today. we can read their stories, books, and other texts to learn lessons about life. willis refers to these lessons as messages “from beyond the grave.” willis has a favorable viewpoint about the timelessness of literature.