What can characterization reveal to the reader?
a. the central conflict the characters will have to struggle against
b. when and where the story takes place
c. the events that will build to the climax and conclusion of the story
d. the fears and motivations of the characters?

innocence can be defined as the lack of sin, relating it with the lack of guilt, also it can be a synonime of naivety. most people agree that sins are made out of experiences, intentionally or not, as well as you stop being naive once certain things happen to you throughout your life. so, with this explained, the chosen answers are:

when the boy saw the effects of war, he no longer viewed life as innocent.

the loss of innocence is a result of gaining experience and making mistakes.

one way to define innocence is as a lack of worldly experience or sophistication.