In which of the following situations would paraphrasing be considered both useful and ethical?
a. you don't fully understand what the author is saying.
b. you wish to make it seem as if the author's ideas are yours.
c. you want to change the author's meaning.
d. you want to use an author's idea but don't wish to quote the author directly.

The correct answer is D. You want to use an author's idea but don't wish to quote the author directly.

Explanation:

In writing, paraphrasing means you cite the ideas of an author but instead of directly quoting the author or writing the exact words of he/she you change the ideas to your own words. This is used in the case you want the ideas to be in a simpler language or you do not wish to quote the author directly. Additionally, in paraphrasing, you cannot change the original ideas or avoid acknowledging the original author as this is unethical. According to this, paraphrasing is useful and ethical in the case "You want to use an author's idea but don't wish to quote the author directly".

given the fact that the question is about the detail that best support the idea that oppressive leaders use   propaganda to achieve thir goals,   the first option does not refer to any kind of propaganda, since it only tells about that the milk and the windfall apple should be reserved for the pigs. in the second option, that is, "snowball and napoleon sent out flights of pigeons whose instructions were to mingle with the animals on the neighbouring farms, tell them the story of the rebellion, and teach them the tune of "beasts of england". it can be identified that the oppressors make use of the propaganda, which is represented by the pigeons, and the information they have to tell other animals about what was happening in the farm in order to get their objectives. for that reason, the right answer is the second option, taking into account that the third option do not refer to propaganda since it only talks about that they did not want jones back. and, finally, the last option refers to the result of the given news, but it does not mean about the propaganda they used to achieve their goals.