How is the underlined gerund phrase used in the sentence?

after reading the whole novel, amy still couldn't remember the main character's name.

How does the author use the character of torvald helmer to explore a social use? -by revealing the changes that can happen to a person who has gotten wealthy quickly - by revealing attitudes related to spending and saving that men held during the victorian era -by revealing the bad financial advice that was given to many people in the victorian era -by revealing the hardships that fell on many people who lived during the victorian era