Which sentences in this excerpt from “prisons: a social crime and failure” by emma goldman indicate that the author believes the prison system is a burden on the us economy?

a) such unheard-of expenditure for the purpose of maintaining vast armies of
human beings caged up like wild beasts!
b) the most horrible aspect is that our national crime is murder, not robbery, embezzlement, or rape, as in the south
c) nor is chicago the leading city in crime, since it is only seventh on the list, which is headed by four southern cities, and san francisco and los angeles.
d) the average mind is slow in grasping a truth, but when the most thoroughly organized, centralized institution, maintained at an excessive national expense, has proven a complete social failure, the dullest must begin to question its right to exist.
e) the time is past when we can be content with our social fabric merely because it is "ordained by divine right," or by the majesty of the law