According to the speaker in The Prelude, where do the events described in lines 1-40 take place: Utopia, heaven, or the real world?

appeal to ethos is your answer.

- "the answers are a and b.  

when cullen speaks of planting while others reap, and standing "abject and mute," he is speaking about the racial injustices present in american society. as these injustices have changed over time, the american identity  has also shifted. those changes are, in turn, reflected in american literature."

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the switch in narration increases the proximity of the narrator to the main character and the reader can perceive information only through the filter of a single character.