Despite the restrictions, the colonists to purchase goods from foreign traders. what is the past perfect tense of the verb “managed”?

had managed.

Explanation: Verb tenses are clues to help us figure out when the action in a sentence is happening. Verbs come in three tenses: past, present, and future. The past is used to describe things that have already happened. The present tense is used to describe things that are happening right now, or things that are continuous. And the future is used to describe things that will happen. The past perfect tense of the verb "managed" is "had managed."

answer: inference

explanation:

an inference can be understood as a conclusion to which a person is able to get based on reasoning. it is the same as a deduction, a guess, an assumption.   in the sentence presented, the conjunction "but" gives the readers an idea of contrast, and, therefore, allows them to induce that despite the opponent's characteristics, andrea had something different that made her win.