What are two central ideas of the text? A
There is a widespread need for an artificial blood substitute.
B
Developing safe and reliable alternatives for human blood is challenging.
С
An essential function of blood is to transport oxygen throughout the body.
D
Scientists are struggling to evaluate the effectiveness of using artificial blood for
transfusions.
E
A hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier has been approved to treat patients needing blood
transfusions in South Africa.
F
The lack of advancement in medical technology prevents doctors from treating patient
in need when blood transfusions are not possible.

D F

Explanation:

what is a theme?

ans: the implicit idea of a written work of literature is called a theme.

so, the only theme of "birdfoot's grampa" by joseph bruchuc is that as a human being one should always remember the value of every life on earth.

the grampa is stopping the car again and again to save those little toads from washing away in the heavy rain is an act of kindness and humanity.

honestly you should not write it the word placement is not right and this does not sound right so i think you should write it this way. the life lessons i refused to learn, taught me the hard way this sounds way better you should try it! hope this is very !