Read the passage from the opinion of the court in Dred Scott v. Sandford, written by Justice Taney. The question before us is, whether the class of persons described in the plea in abatement compose a portion of this people, and are constituent members of this sovereignty? We think they are not, and that they are not included, and were not intended to be included, under the word "citizens" in the Constitution, and can therefore claim none of the rights and privileges which that instrument provides for and secures to citizens of the United States. On the contrary, they were at that time considered as a subordinate and inferior class of beings, who had been subjugated by the dominant race, and, whether emancipated or not, yet remained subject to their authority, and had no rights or privileges but such as those who held the power and the Government might choose to grant them.

Which statement best describes the fallacy in this passage?

Justice Taney assumes that the writers of the Constitution would agree with him about citizenship.
Justice Taney uses the argument that African Americans are not citizens to prove that they are not citizens.
Justice Taney assumes that the other justices on the court would agree with him about citizenship.
Justice Taney uses the argument that Dred Scott is an enslaved person to prove that he is not a citizen.

D. But see below. It could also be B.

Explanation:

The question is much more complicated than you might first think. The first knotty problem has to do with the term in abatement. This term actually means the right to sue in any court in the United States. Taney is arguing that African Americans do not have that right.

Then comes the  argument "Why not?" The reason he cannot sue is because he is not a citizen and that's where the rest of the argument comes in.  I think strange as it may seem, Taney uses the fact that they are not citizens to deny them the rights of citizenship.

He states plainly enough that those writing the constitution never intended African Americans to be citizens. They were conquered by a more powerful race. The fact of the matter, what happened in Pennsylvania when the constitution was written was much, much more complicated. The North wanted them to be included in the Constitution, the South would never permit it. The writing of the constitution is much more complicated than the simple assertion of what the Founding Fathers intended.

This case is considered by many to be one of the darkest stains on the Supreme Court baring no other case. Come to think of it, I suppose B and D are both correct. I think you are intended to choose D, but my own opinion is that it is B.

realistic fiction depicts life and society in a true to life  manner.

its main characters are dynamic.

they grow and transform with their experiences, making it easier for readers to  relate to them.

this genre primarily focuses on the  daily struggles  of ordinary people, validating their experiences.

hope that ! : )

caliban is prospero's slave in the shakespear's play "the tempest"