1.what is the school of criticism??
2. what is the fallacies??

Moral Criticism, Dramatic Construction (~360 BC-present)

Formalism, New Criticism, Neo-Aristotelian Criticism (1930s-present)

Psychoanalytic Criticism, Jungian Criticism(1930s-present)

Marxist Criticism (1930s-present)

Reader-Response Criticism (1960s-present)

usually, a falcon can kill an owl, and horses don't normally eat each other.

the sentence does not violate the phrase structure second rule (introduced by noam chomsky) because noun phrases consist of a determiner such as a, the or every, and a noun. in the sentence, the noun phrase the cake includes a determiner (the) and a noun (cake).

on the other hand, the first rule indicates that a sentence encloses a noun phrase, followed by a verb phrase. the example sentence can be analysed as follows:

john (n) + ate (v) + the (det) + cake (n).