Read this scene from charles dickens’s a christmas carol, in which scrooge and the party guests cannot see or hear one another.

what is the effect of this type of narration?

“i have found it out! i know what it is, fred! i know what it is! ”

“what is it? ” cried fred.

“it’s your uncle scro-o-o-o-oge! ”

which it certainly was. admiration was the universal sentiment, though some objected that the reply to “is it a bear? ” ought to have been “yes; ” inasmuch as an answer in the negative was sufficient to have diverted their thoughts from mr. scrooge, supposing they had ever had any tendency that way.

“he has given us plenty of merriment, i am sure,” said fred, “and it would be ungrateful not to drink his health. here is a glass of mulled wine ready to our hand at the moment; and i say, ‘uncle scrooge! ’ ”

“well! uncle scrooge! ” they cried.

“a merry christmas and a happy new year to the old man, whatever he is! ” said scrooge’s nephew. “he wouldn’t take it from me, but may he have it, nevertheless. uncle scrooge! ”

a. it causes scrooge to feel regret over turning down fred’s invitation to join him and his wife for christmas dinner.

b. it produces dramatic irony because the characters cannot see one another, but the reader knows scrooge is watching.

c. it leads to fred’s character development by revealing the fun-loving and humorous side of his personality.

d. it creates a tone and mood of joy and festivity by describing traditional christmas activities and celebrations.