1. Throughout human history, dreams have terrified, thrilled, and inspired us. But what do they mean? What is their purpose? This
essay will provide several explanations from various fields and
raise a few questions about dreams that are yet to be answered,
2. What qualifies as a dream exactly? The term dream can refer to
our hopes about the future, as in, "One day I dream of visiting
Paris." Dreams can also refer to waking fantasies that we largely
have control over, such as daydreams. However, the scientific
field of oneirology is concerned with what happens when we
sleep. "For a dream to be a dream, it has to be an involuntary
experience that occurs during the Rapid Eye Movement, or REM,
stage of sleep," says neuropsychologist Martin Dyson, "All other
uses of the word dream fall outside the domain of science."
While all types of dreams are important, it is these nighttime
dreams that truly fascinate us
3. In a typical night's rest, REM sleep is the stage that happens in
the final few hours before we wake up in the morning. In The
Science of Dreams and the Dreams of Science, author Isabella
Greene explains that this stage of sleep is marked by brain
activity that is similar to the brain activity of people who are
awake (224). Sleepers have experiences during REM sleep, just
as waking people do. Some scientists think that during REM
sleep the brain clears out our short-term memory and commits
important experiences, such as getting a raise or breaking up
with our sweethearts, to long-term memory. But why we dream
during this process is still a mystery
4. Some intriguing, though incomplete, ideas have come from
researchers trying to explain why our brains give us such vivid
and emotional experiences every night. Sigmund Freud believed
that dreams are expressions of memories and anxieties that we
avoid-thinking about during our waking lives. Carl Jung provided
a modern version of the ancient opinion that dreams are
messages that help us figure out how to avoid disaster, almost
like prophecies. Perhaps the popularity of Jung's interpretation is
the reason that many people keep dream journals, where in they
write down their dream experiences before they forget them.
After all, if dreams are messages, one had better not ignore
them.
5. But interpreting dreams seems to be a basic human desire, and
interpretations of dreams predate modern psychology by many
years. The ancient Sumerians, Chinese, and Indians believed that,
during dreams, the soul escapes from the body to wander in a
spiritual realm. The ancient Greek physician, Hippocrates,
theorized that the soul creates its environment when one is
asleep and receives its environment when one is awake. Given
that modern science has yet to explain dreams, any ancient
interpretation is as good as a modern one for now. Perhaps one
day that won't be the case.
6. Until the truth behind dreams is finally revealed, people will
continue to speculate about their purpose. And even if the role of
dreams is finally articulated, dreams will continue to haunt us,
fascinate us, and move us.

Which is the best example of a description paragraph in the essay?

A. Paragraph 2
B. Paragraph 5
C. Paragraph 1
D. Paragraph 4