What is the theme of night of spade foot toes

Who is ¨ the guilty party¨ at the end of the text, and how do his actions contribute to the storys theme?

Key events - what happens? what do we learn about the character in this event? or how does the event change the character? what is the author’s message in each set of events you have identified? 1.bruno and his family move from berlin to auschwitz due to the move he learns of the camp which leads to another key event. 2.bruno meets shmuel when they meet, they become friends which in turn towards the end leads to their untimely demise.

Can someone give me the main topics discussed in english segment 2 dba ( lesson 3.09 )