“When I’m queen…” That’s a phrase you’ll often hear me say as I’m explaining the way the world ought to be. When I am the (1)mon of my own personal country, I will pursue several (2)ions and objectives. For one, drivers who fail to use their turn signals will have their cars taken away. Decaffeinated coffee will be outlawed, and so will spam email, telemarketing, and glitter. In this ideal world, I will never age because when I am queen, the laws of time won't apply to me; I will be beyond (3)al boundaries. As queen, I will be focused on the interests of my subjects. They will be required to use (4)syllabic words to improve their vocabulary and intelligence. And I will care very much about their opinions . . . of me. I’ll be surrounded by (5)devots who are eager to hear my (6)monos on any subject. And I will be known as the most (7)ted and inspiring of speakers. Naturally, I will be a (8)ign ruler, kind and beloved by the ordinary (9)als who are my people. I will allow them to do almost anything they wish, as long as they follow the strictest (10)et of my queendom: everyone must obey me at all times

To improve your understanding of an informational text, the question you should ask yourself as you read is: do i agree with what the author says in this text? who assigned me to read this text? what details in the text are unclear to me? what other texts has this author written?

Read the passage, then answer the question that follows. no one could have seen it at the time, but the invention of beet sugar was not just a challenge to cane. it was a hint—just a glimpse, like a twist that comes about two thirds of the way through a movie—that the end of the age of sugar was in sight. for beet sugar showed that in order to create that perfect sweetness you did not need slaves, you did not need plantations, in fact you did not even need cane. beet sugar was a foreshadowing of what we have today: the age of science, in which sweetness is a product of chemistry, not whips. in 1854 only 11 percent of world sugar production came from beets. by 1899 the percentage had risen to about 65 percent. and beet sugar was just the first challenge to cane. by 1879 chemists discovered saccharine—a laboratory-created substance that is several hundred times sweeter than natural sugar. today the sweeteners used in the foods you eat may come from corn (high-fructose corn syrup), from fruit (fructose), or directly from the lab (for example, aspartame, invented in 1965, or sucralose—splenda—created in 1976). brazil is the land that imported more africans than any other to work on sugar plantations, and in brazil the soil is still perfect for sugar. cane grows in brazil today, but not always for sugar. instead, cane is often used to create ethanol, much as corn farmers in america now convert their harvest into fuel. –sugar changed the world, marc aronson and marina budhos how does this passage support the claim that sugar was tied to the struggle for freedom? it shows that the invention of beet sugar created competition for cane sugar. it shows that technology had a role in changing how we sweeten our foods. it shows that the beet sugar trade provided jobs for formerly enslaved workers. it shows that sweeteners did not need to be the product of sugar plantations and slavery.

Question 12(multiple choice worth 2 points) the arrangements of elements in a photograph is called aperture focus composition framing