ASAP. The dogs purpose 10-12 chapters summary story

1. fallacy of logos "my favorite teacher said that we should vote for mr. martinez, so i believe he is the best." 2. fallacy of ethos "if we don't pass this environmental protection bill now, the world will probably end soon." 3. fallacy of pathos "the last time it rained, our local sports team won. it is raining today, so they will win tonight."

In which two sentences does the author use an ironic tone toward the subject

What are two themes in ted chiang’s “exhalation”?