The misuse of public property and some ways of curbing it

the correct answer is a.

since in the sentence the word beacon is used as "guide".

lighthouse:

high tower located on the coasts and ports that emits a powerful light at intervals to guide navigators at night.

luminous tower.

beacon synonyms as a guide: lighthouse, north, tower

the negative way that it shaped life was by having a feudal system where only the nobles and the christian church while it was oppressive to the peasants and specially to women. the positive way that it shape life is by introducing the artisan class when the feudal system fell. it change the attitudes towards religion and it also introduced what was known as knightly chivalry.

-hope this : )