Read the passage. Human Activity and Earthquakes
When Americans think of earthquakes, they tend to think of California, a state known for
its frequent seismic activity. In recent years, however, people in Arkansas, Colorado,
Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas have been feeling the ground shake more
often. An increase in oil and gas drilling in these states has led to "human-induced"
earthquakes-those resulting from human activity. When wastewater is disposed of
during gas and oil drilling, the water is forced deep underground. The resulting buildup of
pressure can cause fault lines (cracks in the earth's crust) to shift. According to Mark
Petersen, head of the U. S. Geological Survey's earthquake hazard mapping project, "In
the past five years, the USGS has documented high shaking and damage in areas of
these six states, mostly from induced earthquakes."
What is the main idea of the passage?

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)