Read the passage. Gemma spent the entire week digging through garbage cans and scouring the house for reusable materials to construct a model of the human digestive system. Then she organized them by shape, size, and color. She laid them out on the poster board and connected them end-on-end. The plastic cup was a perfect pancreas. The pink kitchen sponge almost looked like a real tongue once she cut it into the correct oval shape. She soaked paper in glue and water and then molded it into the large and small intestines. Through a stroke of luck, she found her brother’s old fish tank in the attic. The hose from the filter became a more than adequate esophagus. Other materials, such as cardboard and plastic wrapping, helped her complete her project. She thought it smelled a little weird, like different kinds of food and moldy old fish, but it looked great! On the morning of the due date, she carefully scooped up the life-size model and gingerly walked down the stairs. Just as she reached the last few steps, Duke (the family’s overly enthusiastic Labrador retriever) came bounding around the corner and galloped straight into her. Gemma fell down the last two stairs. The project toppled onto the floor. Duke didn’t miss a beat. Maybe it was the weird smell of dead fish, or maybe there were remnants of food on the reusable materials, but the dog could not resist. In any case, he just about fell over himself as he began tearing the entire project into pieces and wolfing down bits of paper, plastic, and cardboard. Duke was digesting the digestive system, and Gemma could only watch as she realized that the dog was eating her homework.

How does the descriptive language in this passage help readers imagine the effort Gemma put into her project?

Details such as “toppled onto the floor” and “bounding around the corner and galloped straight into her” help readers understand that she put a lot of time into creating this project.
Details such as “organized them by shape, size, and color” and “cut it into the correct oval shape” help readers understand that she put a lot of time and effort into creating the project.
Details such as “through a stroke of luck” and “thought it smelled a little weird” help readers understand that she put a lot of time into creating this project.
Details such as “the family’s overly enthusiastic Labrador retriever” and “weird smell of dead fish” help readers understand that she put a lot of time into creating this project.