What is a neuron A. a connection that forms
B. a pathway to learn
C. a cell that sends signals
D. a cell that changes how you think

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Your brain is a hotbed of electrochemical activity. About 100 billion neurons are each firing off 5-50 messages (action potentials) per second. This activity allows you to process your environment, move your muscles, and even keep your balance! If you touch something slimy, that information goes from your fingertips to your brain, and then your brain says “eww, no!” and sends information to your fingertips telling them to move away. The same thing happens when you trip and you’re about to fall, or a bright light flashes in your eyes. Your brain receives information about where you are in space, or the brightness of the light, and responds accordingly. And it’s in our best interests that this action-reaction process goes quickly – so that we can catch ourselves as we fall, or shut our eyes tight. The process of sending these signals takes place in two steps: along the cell (action potential) and between cells (neurotransmitters).

Illustration of a complicated network of neurons.

Illustration of a complicated network of neurons.

How does information travel?

Information to and from the brain travels along neurons which are arranged in networks that let them pass information along between the body and the brain. Here are the basics:

Information is sent as packets of messages called action potentials

Action potentials travel down a single neuron cell as an electrochemical cascade, allowing a net inward flow of positively charged ions into the axon.

Within a cell, action potentials are triggered at the cell body, travel down the axon, and end at the axon terminal

The axon terminal has vesicles filled with neurotransmitters ready to be released

The space between the axon terminal of one cell and the dendrites of the next is called the synapse

Explanation:

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