Read this excerpt from The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. A city slave is almost a freeman, compared with a slave on the plantation. . . . There is a vestige of decency, a sense of shame, that does much to curb and check those outbreaks of atrocious cruelty so commonly enacted upon the plantation. He is a desperate slaveholder, who will shock the humanity of his non-slaveholding neighbors with the cries of his lacerated slave. Few are willing to incur the odium attaching to the reputation of being a cruel master; and above all things, they would not be known as not giving a slave enough to eat.

What inference can be drawn about city slaveholders in this excerpt?

They require enslaved persons to perform all labor indoors.
They treat enslaved persons civilly to avoid their neighbors’ judgement.
They are as unkind as plantation slaveholders, but they are quieter.
They teach enslaved persons to read and become citizens of the city.