Read the excerpt from Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass
We were all ranked together at the valuation. Men and
women, old and young, married and single, were ranked
with horses, sheep, and swine. There were horses and
men, cattle and women, pigs and children, all holding the
same rank in the scale of being, and were all subjected
to the same narrow examination. Silvery-headed age
and sprightly youth, maids and matrons, had to undergo
the same indelicate inspection.
Which best states the cause/effect relationship
expressed in the excerpt?
Cause: The enslaved persons are treated inhumanely
at the examination
Effect: Douglass makes an attempt to run away.
O Cause: All the enslaved persons are ranked together
for inspection
Effect: Douglass is separated from his family.
O Cause: Douglass witnesses the inhumane treatment
of enslaved persons.
Effect: He becomes more aware of the brutality of
slavery.
Cause: Douglass is examined and determined to be
valuable.
Effect: He is sent back home to Baltimore.

Read this paragraph from chapter 5 of the prince. there are, for example, the spartans and the romans. the spartans held athens and thebes, establishing there an oligarchy: nevertheless they lost them. the romans, in order to hold capua, carthage, and numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. they wished to hold greece as the spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. so to hold it they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. and he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. and whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name or their privileges unless they are disunited or dispersed, but at every chance they immediately rally to them, as pisa after the hundred years she had been held in bondage by the florentines. what idea is stressed in the passage? the desire for liberty the establishment of an oligarchy the dismantling of an acquired state the tendency toward rebellion