The spirit of the Olympics 2) the speaker expected the proud man to give him
a)cold looks
b) distress
c)gold
d)sumpathy

"urban sprawl, the spreading of large developments of housing and shopping areas around a city’s center, has many negative cultural and environmental effects. " (from your link)

so, your answer is: it has a negative effect on the environment, otherwise known as c~hope this mate. 

there's no way for us to follow these specific instructions.