Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called

Conclusions made on the basis of unstated or stated evidence are called "inference".

Inference is mainly using observation as well as background in order to reach a logical conclusion.

We practice inference during our everyday lives.
Example:
When you enter your office and find everything clean and in place. You conclude that the housekeeping has cleaned the room.

The answer is:   [d]:   "a few spaces below the signature line" .

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