What kind of reading we use to know the combination of words phrases and sentences

Can someone me answer this english question

Which important event occurred during the industrial and scientific revolutions

What response does lincoln hope to elicit from his listeners with these words from his gettysburg address "we gave to come dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might live. it is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this