How did newspapers such as The Chicago Defender shape African American history?

What is tomas paine's central claim in this excerpt

Bicycle riding should be encouraged, and adding bicycle lanes will increase the number of riders. it is healthier for people to ride than to sit angrily in traffic. it is healthier for everyone to breathe cleaner air. sharing the road can be tricky, but there are things that can be done. so, add the bike lanes and get rolling! which sentence would improve this conclusion? every town should consider adding bicycle lanes, because it is a great idea. organizing safety classes for drivers and cyclists will ensure that everyone knows the rules. do not listen to negative people who complain about anything new. it is true that some people might get injured, but even walking can be dangerous.

Which statement best describes hopping’s viewpoint and purpose in this excerpt? the author believes diane france should not display soldiers’ remains, and she writes to persuade readers to avoid visiting the museum. the author thinks a union warship caused the submarine to sink, and she writes to inform readers about the war. the author thinks stories about the civil war are interesting, and she writes to entertain readers with true war stories. the author believes diane france’s work in making bone casts has many scientists, and she writes to give details about her experienc